11.6 Fossil Fuels

What are Fossil Fuels?

Fossil fuels are energy sources formed from the remains of microorganisms and plants buried deep inside the Earth millions of years ago.

Types of Fossil Fuels

1. Coal:
   • Used for generating electricity.
   • Historically used for cooking.
2. Petroleum:
   • Refined to produce Petrol and Diesel (for vehicles) and Kerosene.
   • Essential for transportation.
3. Natural Gas:
   • CNG (Compressed Natural Gas): Cleaner fuel for vehicles.
   • LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas): Used for cooking in homes.

Issues with Fossil Fuels

1. Limited Supply: They are non-renewable. Once used, they cannot be replaced quickly.
2. Pollution: Burning fossil fuels releases smoke and Carbon Dioxide, causing air pollution and climate change.

Alternatives

To reduce pollution and conserve fossil fuels:

• Use electric vehicles (EVs).
• Walk or cycle for short distances.
• Use public transport.