Differences: Legislature vs. Executive
| Aspect | Legislature (Parliament) | Executive (Government) |
|---|---|---|
| Composition | President, Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha. | President, Vice-President, PM, Council of Ministers. |
| Main Role | Making laws and overseeing the Executive. | Enforcing laws made by the Legislature. |
| Bill Introduction | Can introduce some bills. | Introduces most bills. |
| Accountability | Checks the Executive via questions and debates. | Provides explanations to Legislature; Answerable to Lok Sabha. |
| Financials | Sanctions expenses. | Prepares and implements the Budget. |
The Judiciary: Role of Checks and Balances
The Judiciary (system of courts) interprets laws and settles disputes. It plays a pivotal role in the System of Checks and Balances:
- Guardian of Constitution: Ensures all branches operate within constitutional limits.
- Judicial Review:
- If the Legislature passes a law violating the Constitution, the Judiciary can strike it down.
- If the Executive implements a law in a way that violates rights, the Judiciary can intervene.
- Separation of Powers: This system ensures no single organ (Legislature, Executive, or Judiciary) becomes too powerful.
Note
Did You Know? The Judiciary can even ask lawmakers to review a law if it finds it inconsistent with the basic structure of the Constitution.